High blood pressure, smoking raise heart attack risk more in women, study says(HINDI ALSO )

ब्रितानी मेडिकल जर्नल (विज्ञानं पत्र )में ताज़ा प्रकाशित एक रिपोर्ट के अनुसार हाइपरटेंशन (उच्चरक्त चाप ),धूम्रपान और जीवन शैली रोग मधुमेह की तिकड़ी महिलाओं के लिए दिल के दौरे के खतरे का वजन पुरुषों की बनिस्पत ज्यादा बढ़ा देती है। 

भले आज भी मर्दों में हार्ट अटेक की दर महिलाओं से तीन गुना ज्यादा बनी हुई है ,लेकिन इस तिकड़ी का दुष्प्रभाव औरतों के दिल पर ज्यादा खराब पड़ता है। 

महिलाओं को इस बारे में ज्यादा सचेत हो जाना चाहिए। इलाज करने वाले दिल के माहिरों को भी उनकी तवज्जो इस और खींचनी चाहिए। 

इस तिकड़ी में भी हाइपरटेंशन औरतों के दिल के दौरे की संभावना में आने के वजन को ८३ % ज्यादा बढ़ा देता है मर्दों के बरक्स। 

जबकि धूम्रपान ऐसे खतरे के वजन को ५५ % ज्यादा और जीवन शैली रोग मधुमेह (secondary diabetes )४७ % ज्यादा बढ़ा देता है मर्दों की तुलना में। 

इन तीनों रोगों ऐबों के बारे में कहीं नाज़ुक है महिलाओं का दिल :

दिल अगर टूटा तो फिर बेकार है ,
ज़ुल्फ़ बिखरेगी बना ली जाएगी।  

यही सिलसिला रहा तो कालान्तर में औरतों के दिल और मर्दों के दिल लिए हार्ट अटेक के मामलों का अंतर घटता चला जाएगा वैसे भी औरतों की औसत उम्र मर्दों से ज्यादा है। 

एक अध्ययन के अनुसार (स्रोत ब्रितानी हार्ट एसोसिएशन )ब्रिटैन में दिल के दौरों के साथ १ ,८८,००० (एक लाख अठासी हज़ार )लोगों को अस्पताल का रुख करना पड़ता है। 
जबकि अमरीकी रोग नियंत्रण और बचावी केंद्रों (Centres for Disease control and prevention )के अनुसार हर साल  ७ ,३५ ,००० (सात लाख पैंतीस हज़ार )चक्कर इन मामलों में अस्पताल के लोग लगाते हैं। 

औरतों में कोल्ड स्वीट्स (बिला वजह पसीना छूटना जिसकी वजह गर्मी या  थकाऊपन नहीं है यानी diaphoresis ) ,डिज़्ज़िनेस्स (चक्कर आना ),थकान महसूस होना दिल के दौरे के आम लक्षण हो सकते हैं। मर्दों में दिल के दौरे के समय लक्षणों का  स्वरूप भिन्न रह सकता है। 

(CNN)High blood pressure, smoking and diabetes raise a woman's risk of heart attack more than these factors raise a man's risk, according to a new study published in the BMJ.

The rate of heart attacks in men remains three times higher than in women, according to the researcher Elizabeth Millett, an epidemiologist at the University of Oxford's George Institute for Global Health. But the study identified that those three individual factors -- smoking, diabetes and high blood pressure -- are more likely to be linked to heart attacks in women, showing the need for more awareness efforts targeted at women on the issue of heart diseases.

Millett's work is part of a broader bank of studies on gender differences in non-communicable diseases by the George Institute.

"This strengthens the need for people to remember to look at women and men when studying heart attacks," Millett said.

Because her latest work is an observational study that can't explain causes, Millett stressed the need for more research into why this gender difference exists.

Nearly half a million British people enrolled in the UK Biobank were studied. They were between the ages 40 and 69 and were recruited between 2006 and 2010. They were followed for an average of seven years by Millett's team. Of the 471,998 participants, none had a history of cardiovascular diseases. The researchers found that 5,081 of those people had their first heart attack during the course of the study, 28.8% of them women.

High blood pressure was the leading factor; it raised a woman's risk of heart attack by 83% more than it raised the risk in a man. Smoking raised a woman's risk of heart attack 55% more, while Type 2 diabetes -- which is linked to a poor diet -- had a 47% greater impact on heart attacks among women compared with men.

Studies have identified some risk factors affecting women at a higher rate than men. Millett's study examined the impact of three such risk factors and found that their disproportionate impact on women persisted across age.

Combined with an aging population, this is likely to see "women catching up with men" in terms of heart attack rates, Millett explained. This would cause "a subsequent significant additional burden on society and health resources," the authors of the study noted.

The study has some limitations. The UK Biobank project consists mainly of white participants, which makes it hard to generalize the findings to other groups. Millett also said that the participants examined were of slightly higher socioeconomic status than others in the UK.

"Regardless of your sex, risk factors such as high blood pressure, smoking and diabetes increase the risk of a heart attack. These findings should not distract from a concerted effort to better detect and manage risk factors that can be changed," Professor Metin Avkiran, associate medical director at the British Heart Foundation, wrote in an email.

According to the British Heart Foundation, about 188,000 hospital visits each year are due to a heart attack. Every year, about 735,000 Americans have a heart attack, according to the US Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.

"What we want is for women to be more aware that heart attacks happen to women as well as men," said Millett. She believes there is a lack of awareness in women about heart diseases because men are more affected by them.

The study also highlights the need for doctors to be vigilant when their female patients are elderly, smoke, have diabetes or have high blood pressure. Doctors must ensure that women and men have equal access to health care programs addressing these conditions, researchers said.

Millett added that awareness is crucial, as heart attack symptoms can differ for men and women. A few symptoms -- such as unusual tiredness, dizziness or cold sweats -- are more common in women than men, she explained.

"It's absolutely vital that everyone has equal access to the best advice and treatment regardless of age, gender or socioeconomic status," Avkiran wrote. "This is an important reminder that heart disease does not discriminate, so we must shift perceptions that it only affects men."